Scientific studies

Find the studies we have co-published in peer-reviewed scientific journals here. Written in collaboration with the Insect Institute, they have been validated by other experts in the field through the peer review process. They are available in open access.

Additional studies are currently being written and are expected to be published shortly.

Economy

Insect-based livestock feeds are unlikely to become economically viable in the near future

Food and Humanity

To reduce dependence on fishmeal and soybean meal, insect meal needs to be economically competitive. This study observes that insect meals are currently too expensive, costing two to ten times more than conventional products. While several future avenues are being explored to reduce costs, it is unlikely that they will be enough to make a large shift in the coming years.

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Human food

Beyond the buzz: insect-based foods are unlikely to significantly reduce meat consumption

npj Sustainable Agriculture (Nature group)

This literature review examines the consumer acceptability of insects and strategies to enhance their attractiveness. We find that cultural and social factors, particularly disgust, significantly limit the potential of insects. As a result, many investors have gradually withdrawn from this market. Furthermore, even if consumers were more inclined to try insects, reducing meat consumption would remain difficult due to various logistical, cultural and financial obstacles. Finally, insects have few comparative advantages over plant-based alternatives, which are more widely accepted.

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Circular economy

Is turning food waste into insect feed an uphill climb? A review of persistent challenges

Sustainable Production and Consumption

This literature review examines the use of food waste to feed insects, a practice that supports the circular economy. We find that the majority of large insect farms actually use little food waste to feed insects, due to nutritional, regulatory, sanitary and logistical barriers. Instead, the industry often utilises high-quality cereal-based agricultural co-products, which are already used in conventional animal feed. 

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Research

Bugs in the system: the logic of insect farming research is flawed by unfounded assumptions

npj Sustainable Agriculture (Nature group)

This perspective notes that while many economic and environmental promises have been proposed in the insect farming literature, they are often based on unrealistic assumptions. It identifies three recurring "bugs":

  • Obsolete studies often used as references

  • Overly optimistic assumptions about the use of waste

  • Economic projections containing errors

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